NOTE: All times in GMT (EST-5hrs; CET+1hr) and Earth Receive Time, when confirmation of the events is received on the ground. Events actually occur approximately 28 minutes, 20 seconds, earlier.
Nov. 12 at 0403 GMT:
Start of Philae’s Separation, Descent and Landing activities. This sequence includes heating of the lander batteries to separation temperature and activation of science instruments. The lander also turns on its separation motors and transitions to internal battery power in the last 20 minutes before release.
Nov. 12 at 0630 GMT
Rosetta conducts a “pre-delivery” maneuver to put the spacecraft in the correct position to release Philae.
Nov. 12 at ~0700 GMT:
The fourth and final Go/No Go decision point comes after confirmation of a satisfactory pre-delivery maneuver by Rosetta.
Nov. 12 at 0903 GMT:
Three rotating screws nudge the Philae lander away from Rosetta at a velocity of about 20 centimeters per second, or 0.4 mph.
Nov. 12 from 0904-0947 GMT:
The Philae lander conducts its post-separation maneuvers, including taking images of the Rosetta orbiter with the CIVA camera payload, deployment of its three landing legs and magnetometer boom, and a 14-degree rotation of the probe’s main body relative to its legs to get into a stable orientation for touchdown.
Nov. 12 at 0943 GMT:
Rosetta performs its post-delivery maneuver to get into position to relay data from Philae back to Earth.
Nov. 12 at 1053 GMT:
Philae acquisition of signal from Rosetta. The two spacecraft establish communications and Philae begins downlinking data and images to the ground via Rosetta a few minutes later, including farewell shots it captured of the mothership during separation.
Nov. 12 at 1458-1517 GMT
Philae begins its pre-landing sequence. This phase includes the switch-on of the harpoon anchoring system to be fired at touchdown, preparation of the active descent system — a cold gas thruster used to stabilize the lander at touchdown — and the start of acquisition of images with Philae’s descent camera.
Nov. 12 at 1602 GMT (possible variability)
At the moment of touchdown on comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko, landing gear will absorb the forces of landing while ice screws in each of the probe’s feet and a harpoon system will lock Philae to the surface. At the same time, a thruster on top of the lander will push it down to counteract the impulse of the harpoon imparted in the opposite direction.
Nov. 12 at 1607 GMT (possible variability)
The lander begins an automated series of science observations, including panoramic imaging.
The Rosetta spacecraft neared its comet Saturday, targeting a close flyby within six kilometres of the tiny world’s jagged nucleus to gain new up-close views of the comet and taste the growing vaporous cloud surrounding it.
The sharpest, most detailed observations of a comet breaking apart have been captured with the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope. The images suggest that the roughly 4.5-billion-year-old comet, named 332P/Ikeya-Murakami, may be spinning so fast that material is ejected from its surface. The resulting debris is now scattered along a 3,000-mile-long trail.
The nucleus of the largest known comet in the Solar System, C/2014 UN271 (Bernardinelli–Bernstein), has been measured by the Hubble Space Telescope to be 129 kilometres across.
